Explanation Text

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Explanation text tells how the process starts from the formation of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Texts of this type are very often found in science, history and geography books

There are 3 parts of an explanation text that you must remember. The three structures are general statements, sequence of the events, and closing. In the general statements section, you must explain general information about the topic that will be discussed in the text. In other words, you have to introduce the topic to the reader first.

General Statement

Contains general information about the topic to be discussed in the text.

Explanation

Contains a series of events (sequence of events) of a process which is the topic of the text. We can also explain by using why and how questions, so that our explanation is more comprehensive.

Closing

The closing or closing section is optional or does not have to be in this text. This section may contain additional information or the author's opinion on the topic covered.

characteristics of explanation text

Using Action Verbs
Action Verbs are verbs that are used to describe an action that is taking place. Examples are do, make, create, and so on.

Using Passive Voices
The use of Passive Voices aims to emphasize the focus on the happenings rather than the subject.

Using Noun Phrases
Using the Technical Terms
These technical terms refer to technical terms related to the topics discussed in this text.

Contains an explanation of the process

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Example explanation Text 

                                   

                       How a Tsunami Happens?

General Statement

We all know that tsunamis are a series of destructive waves and powerful. Tsunami is the deadliest wave because the wave speed is incredibly fast. But do you know how a tsunami can happens?

Explanation

Tsunami originated from Japan, “tsu” meaning harbor and “nami” meaning wave. They are normally caused by landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions in, or close to an ocean. After some sort of underwater disturbance, this causes energy to rise up to sea level pushing the water high into the air. Gravity kicks in and pulls it down again and then consequently causing the water to filter out into many different directions.

When a tsunami begins to approach the shore the energy in the wave is compressed. As a result, the water is pushed up into the wave, resulting in a powerful tsunami. If the trough hits the shoreline first, it then causes the tide to drastically retreat.

Conclusion

So, tsunamis happen because of natural disasters such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. People who live near the shoreline have to be careful because they are threatened by tsunamis whenever there is an earthquake

Rainbows are formed due to the refraction of sunlight by water droplets in the atmosphere. When sunlight passes through water droplets, the light is bent in such a way that it separates the colors in the light. Each color is bent at a different angle, and red is the color that is bent last, and purple is the first.

Starting from sunlight, sunlight is light that consists of several colors or is often called polychromatic. The light that can be caught by the human eye without tools is only 7 colors, namely red, orange, yellow, indigo, and purple. These colors are also known as visible light

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How does Rain Fall?

Rain is one of the main sources of fresh water for almost all people in the world. It provides suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems. It is also used as hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation. But, do you know how rain happens?
The rain’s phenomenon is actually what we often call as “water circle.” The concept of the water cycle involves the sun heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface water to evaporate. Then the water vapor rises into the Earth’s atmosphere.

The water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets grow bigger and heavier and fall to the Earth as precipitation.

However, not all rain can reach the surface of the earth. Some evaporates while failing through dry air. This is what we call as “Virga”, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.

1. What happen to the doplet when it gets heavy?
a. Rise
b. Fall
c. Flow
d. Evaporates
e. Boiled
Answer: b

2. What is the other name of raining process?
a. Water cycle
b. Water metamorphosis
c. Water ransacking
d. Snowing
e. Watering
Anwer: a

3. What can evaporate the sea?
a. Sun heat
b. Fire heat
c. Water heat
d. Ice
e. Global Warming
Answer: a

4. Where is the location of condensation?
a. Atmosphere
b. Sea
c. River
d. Lake
e. Sun heat
Answer: a

5. Why does not all rain fall to the ground?
a. it is evaporate by hot air
b. The water’s ascendancy from the sun heat
c. The cooling of air into droplets
d. The heat caused by the sun
e. The water boiling Phenomenon
Answer: a